1: [[!meta title="NetBSD Developer Cheatsheet"]]
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3: [[!toc]]
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6: This article is going to be a collection of random notes which I have found during my development in kernel. I have found that there are some hints which every developer knows, but there is no documentation where newbie can learn them.
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8:
9: ## Finding where the bug is
10:
11: When you get a crash in the kernel you want to translate the address from the backtrace to the line in the source code:
12:
13: Stopped in pid 496.1 (gdb) at netbsd:breakpoint+0x5: leave
14:
15: First, you need to find the address of the breakpoint function in the running kernel image with the nm(1) command:
16:
17: nm netbsd | grep breakpoint
18:
19: Then add 0x5 to the address, and use addr2line(1) to get the exact line in the kernel source code where you get the crash:
20:
21: addr2line -g netbsd {sum address}
22:
23: In gdb(1), this can be achieved with the command info line *(function_name)+0x5.
24:
25: ## What to do if ddb backtrace doesn't work
26:
27: The DDB backtrace command usually doesn't work when the EIP register was set to NULL, e.g. via a bad function pointer. In this case we can get part of the backtrace by using a different approach.
28:
29: db> show all reg
30:
31: eip 0 cs 0 eflags 0 esp 0xcb741b70
32:
33: We need to find which address was set in the ESP register (this is the stack pointer register on i386). When we have our address we need to use
34:
35: x /Lx 0xcb741b70,20
36:
37: to print the first 20 addresses from the stack. To easily find the address of the last function you need to look for an address with 0xc0 at the start.
38:
39: The command x /I c06428fc will then translate the function address to it's name with the symbol table lookup.
40: What to do if gdb cannot backtrace through trap()
41:
42: Use ('source') .../sys/arch/i386/gdbscripts/stack gdb script and run 'stack'. See also PR 10313.
43: How to rebuild /boot
44:
45: (This example assumes you are running NetBSD-i386)
46:
47: * Make sure you have the tools built
48: * sys/arch/i386/stand/boot and enter $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-i386
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