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1.2     ! schmonz     1: **Contents**
        !             2: 
        !             3: [[!toc]]
        !             4: 
        !             5: #  Verify UFS support 
        !             6: 
        !             7: To check whether your Linux kernel supports the [UFS filesystem](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_File_System) you may execute the following command: 
        !             8:     
        !             9: 
        !            10: $ cat /proc/filesystems
        !            11:     nodev   sysfs
        !            12:     nodev   rootfs
        !            13:     nodev   proc
        !            14:             .
        !            15:             .
        !            16:             .
        !            17:             ext3
        !            18:     nodev   usbfs
        !            19:             vfat
        !            20:             **ufs**
        !            21:     
        !            22: 
        !            23: The keyword `nodev` in the first column means that filesystem does not require a block device to be mounted, that's why it is also called [virtual filesystem](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_file_system). The support is either compiled inside the kernel or as a module: 
        !            24: 
        !            25: $ ls -l /lib/modules/2.6.21-ARCH/kernel/fs/ufs/ufs.ko 
        !            26:     -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84828 2007-05-25 20:11 /lib/modules/2.6.21-ARCH/kernel/fs/ufs/ufs.ko
        !            27:     
        !            28: 
        !            29: #  Mount 
        !            30: 
        !            31: In order to find the device that corresponds to your FFS partition, run: 
        !            32: 
        !            33:   1. sfdisk -l 
        !            34: <pre><code>    
        !            35: Disk /dev/hda: 155061 cylinders, 16 heads, 63 sectors/track
        !            36: Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
        !            37: DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.
        !            38: Units = cylinders of 516096 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0
        !            39:   Device Boot Start     End   #cyls    #blocks   Id  System
        !            40: /dev/hda1   *      0+  34536-  34537-  17406396    7  HPFS/NTFS
        !            41:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,254,63)
        !            42: /dev/hda2      34536+ 134767- 100231-  50516392+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
        !            43:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,255,63)
        !            44:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,254,63)
        !            45: /dev/hda3     134767+ 144935-  10169-   5124735   a5  FreeBSD
        !            46:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,255,63)
        !            47:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,254,63)
        !            48: /dev/hda4     144935+ 155060   10126-   5103189   a9  NetBSD
        !            49:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,255,63)
        !            50:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,80,63)
        !            51: /dev/hda5      34536+ 102366-  67830-  34186288+  83  Linux
        !            52:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (0,1,1)
        !            53:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,254,63)
        !            54: /dev/hda6     102366+ 104294    1929-    971901   82  Linux swap / Solaris
        !            55:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (0,1,1)
        !            56:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (120,254,63)
        !            57: /dev/hda7     104295+ 134767-  30473-  15358108+  83  Linux
        !            58:                           start: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (0,1,1)
        !            59:                           end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,15,63) found (1023,254,63)
        !            60: /dev/hda8     134767+ 143910-   9143-   4608000
        !            61: /dev/hda9     143910+ 144935-   1026-    516735
        !            62: /dev/hda10    144935+ 154078-   9143    4608072
        !            63: /dev/hda11    154078+ 155060     983-    495117
        !            64: /dev/hda12         0+  34536-  34537-  17406396
        !            65: /dev/hda13     34536+ 102366-  67830-  34186288+
        !            66: /dev/hda14    102366+ 104294    1929-    971901
        !            67: /dev/hda15    104295+ 144935-  40641-  20482843+
        !            68: </code></pre>    
        !            69: 
        !            70: So for FreeBSD (FFSv2), we have /dev/hda3 which is equivalent to /dev/ad0s3 
        !            71: 
        !            72: And for NetBSD (FFSv1), we have /dev/hda4 which is equivalent to /dev/wd0c 
        !            73: 
        !            74: But these devices are whole BSD slices (BIOS partitions), not BSD partitions. 
        !            75: 
        !            76: By examinating carefully sfdisk - l output, we find that: /dev/hda3 (134767+,144935-) includes /dev/hda8 (134767+,143910-) and /dev/hda9 (143910+,144935-) /dev/hda4 (144935+,155060) includes /dev/hda10 (144935+,154078-) and /dev/hda11 (154078+,155060) 
        !            77: 
        !            78: And we may deduce that for FreeBSD: /dev/hda8 is equivalent to /dev/ad0s3a (FreeBSD root partition) /dev/hda9 is equivalent to /dev/ad0s3b (FreeBSD swap) 
        !            79: 
        !            80: And for NetBSD: /dev/hda10 is equivalent to /dev/wd0a (NetBSD root partition) /dev/hda11 is equivalent to /dev/wd0b (NetBSD swap) 
        !            81: 
        !            82: Thus FreeBSD root partition lies at /dev/hda8. First create a directory to mount FFS partition and then mount it: 
        !            83:     
        !            84:     # mkdir /mnt/freebsd
        !            85:     # mount -t ufs -o ro,ufstype=ufs2 /dev/hda8 /mnt/freebsd/
        !            86:     
        !            87: 
        !            88: And NetBSD root partition lies at /dev/hda10. First create a directory to mount FFS partition and then mount it: 
        !            89:     
        !            90:     # mkdir /mnt/netbsd
        !            91:     # mount -t ufs -o ro,ufstype=44bsd /dev/hda10 /mnt/netbsd/
        !            92:     
        !            93: 
        !            94: Let's browse it: 
        !            95:     
        !            96:     # ls /mnt/*bsd
        !            97:     /mnt/freebsd:
        !            98:     bin   cdrom   COPYRIGHT  dist     etc   lib      media  proc    root  sys  usr
        !            99:     boot  compat  dev        entropy  home  libexec  mnt    rescue  sbin  tmp  var
        !           100:     /mnt/netbsd:
        !           101:     altroot  etc                 gnome-screensave.core  mnt      root   var
        !           102:     bin      GENERIC             kern                   netbsd   sbin
        !           103:     boot     GENERIC-DIAGNOSTIC  lib                    onetbsd  stand
        !           104:     CUSTOM   GENERIC-LAPTOP      libdata                proc     tmp
        !           105:     dev      GENERIC-NOACPI      libexec                rescue   usr
        !           106:     
        !           107: 
        !           108: #  Edit /etc/fstab 
        !           109: 
        !           110: Add the following line to your `/etc/fstab` file: 
        !           111:     
        !           112:     /dev/hda8       /mnt/freebsd     ufs     ufstype=ufs2,ro        0       2
        !           113:     /dev/hda10      /mnt/netbsd      ufs     ufstype=44bsd,ro       0       2
        !           114:     
        !           115: 
        !           116: Now you can mount the FFS partitions by typing: 
        !           117:     
        !           118:     # mount /mnt/freebsd
        !           119:     # mount /mnt/netbsd
        !           120:     
        !           121: 
        !           122: and verify with: 
        !           123:     
        !           124:     $ mount
        !           125:     [...]
        !           126:     /dev/hda8 on /mnt/freebsd type ufs (ro,ufstype=ufs2)
        !           127:     /dev/hda10 on /mnt/netbsd type ufs (ro,ufstype=44bsd)
        !           128:     [...]
        !           129:     
        !           130: 
        !           131: #  Write support 
        !           132: 
        !           133: Write support is available given several conditions are satisfied: - ufs write support option compiled in Linux kernel (CONFIG_UFS_FS_WRITE=y): it is disabled by default. - FFSv1 filesystem (FFSv2 not yet supported) 
        !           134: 
        !           135: Please note that as I do not really need write support on NetBSD partitions from GNU/Linux, I did not bother to rebuild my Linux kernel and hence have not tested this feature. 
        !           136: 
        !           137: #  Remarks 
        !           138: 
        !           139:   * If you forget the `ro` option, you will get the following message at dmesg: 
        !           140:     
        !           141:     $ dmesg | grep ufs
        !           142:     ufs was compiled with read-only support, can't be mounted as read-write
        !           143:     
        !           144: 
        !           145:   * If you forget to set the `ufstype` option, you will get the following message at dmesg: 
        !           146:     
        !           147:     $ dmesg | grep ufstype
        !           148:     mount -t ufs -o ufstype=sun|sunx86|44bsd|ufs2|5xbsd|old|hp|nextstep|nextstep-cd|openstep ...
        !           149:     >>>WARNING<<< Wrong ufstype may corrupt your filesystem, default is ufstype=old
        !           150:     
        !           151: 
        !           152: So, extra care should be taken. 
        !           153: 
        !           154: People have reported crashes using FFS partitions access under GNU/Linux (even in read-only mode, that is very strange). I am half convinced that has been caused by accessing a whole BSD slice (BSD dedicated BIOS partition) instead of a BSD partition.