Annotation of wikisrc/ports/evbarm/raspberry_pi.mdwn, revision 1.73
1.1 jakllsch 1: [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm on Raspberry Pi"]]
2:
1.39 wiki 3: This page attempts to document and coordinate efforts towards NetBSD/evbarm on [Raspberry Pi](http://www.raspberrypi.org). All board variants are supported.
4:
1.70 gdt 5: Initial, limited, Raspberry Pi support was introduced in NetBSD 6.0. NetBSD 7.0 adds complete support for the board, along with introducing support for the quad-core Raspberry Pi 2 board. Raspberry Pi 3 support was added for NetBSD 8, and backported to NetBSD 7 in July of 2017. (This page assumes those using NetBSD 7 are using 7.2, or the netbsd-7 branch after mid 2018.)
1.39 wiki 6:
1.3 wiki 7: [[images/raspberrypi.jpg]]
8:
1.26 wiki 9: [[!toc levels=2]]
10:
1.14 wiki 11: <small>([Raspberry Pi image](http://www.flickr.com/photos/42325803@N07/8118758647/) by Christopher Lee used under CC-By-2.0 license)</small>
1.3 wiki 12:
1.54 gdt 13: # What works (and what doesn't yet)
1.53 gdt 14:
1.70 gdt 15: ## NetBSD 7 and NetBSD 8
1.53 gdt 16:
17: - RaspberryPi 1, and 2 (including SMP)
1.70 gdt 18: - Raspberry Pi 3 (excluding WiFi and bluetooth)
1.53 gdt 19: - multi-user boot with root on SD card
20: - serial or graphics console (with EDID query / parsing)
21: - DMA controller driver and sdhc(4) support
22: - Audio: works. man page missing.
23: - I²C: works, could use enhancements, man page
24: - GPIO
25: - RNG
26: - SPI: could use enhancements, man page
27: - GPU (VCHIQ) - 3D and video decode. man page missing.
28: - USB (host) - dwctwo(4)
29: - USB Ethernet - usmsc(4)
30: - X windows.
31:
32: ## NetBSD current
33:
34: - Raspberry Pi 3 bluetooth
35: - Raspberry Pi 3 new SD host controller driver
36:
1.54 gdt 37: ## What needs work
1.53 gdt 38:
39: - USB (host); isochronous transfers.
40: - WiFi
41:
1.57 gdt 42: # CPU types
43:
44: Note that one can also use code for earlier models on later models.
45:
1.59 gdt 46: - Raspberry Pi 1 uses "earmv6hf".
47: - Raspberry Pi 2 uses "earmv7hf".
1.64 gdt 48: - Raspberry Pi 3 uses "earmv7hf".
1.57 gdt 49:
1.70 gdt 50: See also [[NetBSD/aarch64|aarch64]] for running the Pi 2/3 in 64-bit mode.
51:
1.7 wiki 52: # Installation
1.53 gdt 53:
1.62 gdt 54: ## SD card structure
55:
1.65 gdt 56: The Raspberry Pi looks for firmware and kernel.img on the first FAT32 partition of the uSD card. A separate kernel (kernel7.img) is used on RPI2 and RPI3.
1.62 gdt 57:
1.65 gdt 58: The NetBSD kernel will then use the FFS partition as the root filesystem.
59:
60: A 2 GB card is the smallest workable size. The NetBSD filesystem will be expanded to fit.
1.63 gdt 61:
1.62 gdt 62: ## Choosing a version
63:
1.71 gdt 64: First, decide if you want to install a formal release (7.2 or 8.0), a stable branch build (netbsd-7, netbsd-8), or NetBSD-current. For people who don't know how to choose among those, 8.0 or netbsd-8 is probably best.
1.65 gdt 65:
66: See also "ebijun's image", below, which is NetBSD-current and includes packages.
1.58 gdt 67:
68: ## Getting bits to install
69:
70: You can either build a release yourself with build.sh, or get one from the NetBSD FTP servers.
71:
1.65 gdt 72: Both will provide rpi.img.gz and rpi_inst.img.gz. Each is an image to be written to a uSD card, and has a FAT32 partition for booting. In rpi.img.gz, there is also an FFS partition for NetBSD.
1.58 gdt 73:
74: ### Building yourself
75:
1.65 gdt 76: Getting sources and building a release with build.sh is not special for evbarm. Pick a CPU type alias and pass it to build.sh with -m. Examples (the first two are equivalent):
1.66 gdt 77:
1.59 gdt 78: - ./build.sh -m earmv6hf -u release
79: - ./build.sh -m evbarm -a earmv6hf -u release
80: - ./build.sh -m evbarm -a earmv7hf -u release
1.58 gdt 81:
82: ### NetBSD FTP servers
83:
84: NetBSD provides nightly builds on [nyftp.netbsd.org](http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/). These are equivalent to building yourself.
85:
1.59 gdt 86: - The 'evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/' directory contains an rpi.img file that can be used as a single image for both boards.
1.71 gdt 87: - The 'evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/gzimg/' directory contains an armv7.img file that is optimized for Raspberry Pi 2/3.
88: - The old stable build directory will be under netbsd-7/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/ (for example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-7/201710201440Z/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg)
89: - The stable build directory will be under netbsd-8/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/ (for example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-8/201710211010Z/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/)
1.59 gdt 90: - The HEAD/current directory build will be under HEAD/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/ (for example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/HEAD/201710202210Z/evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/gzimg/)
1.58 gdt 91:
1.65 gdt 92: ## Preparing a uSD card
1.10 wiki 93:
1.65 gdt 94: Once you have rpi.img.gz (or rpi_inst), put it on a uSD card using gunzip and dd, for example:
1.14 wiki 95:
1.60 gdt 96: - gunzip rpi.img.gz
1.67 ryoon 97: - dd if=rpi.img of=/dev/disk1
1.14 wiki 98:
1.58 gdt 99: ### Serial Console
100:
101: By default the rpi.img is set to use the HDMI output. If you wish to use a serial console, first mount the FAT32 partition and then
102: edit cmdline.txt and remove '"console=fb"'.
1.14 wiki 103:
1.60 gdt 104: - Most (all?) USB-to-TTL serial adapters only connect Tx, Rx and ground, and do not connect any flow control lines. An effect of missing flow control is that you see console output, but cannot type anything. If so, adjust your serial console application's flow control settings to "none".
1.41 wiki 105:
1.60 gdt 106: In Kermit, the command is "set flow none".
1.41 wiki 107:
1.60 gdt 108: In minicom, run "minicom -s" and set hardware flow control to "no"
1.41 wiki 109:
1.65 gdt 110: ### Enabling ssh
111:
112: If you want to enable ssh with the standard image, so that you can log in over the net without either a serial or HDMI console, mount the ffs partition, place /root/.ssh/authorized_keys, uncomment PermitRootLogin in /etc/ssh/sshd_config, and comment out the rc_configure=NO in /etc/rc.conf. Besides having to find the IP address, you will have to wait for the partition resizing and reboot.
113:
1.58 gdt 114: ### Installation with sshramdisk image
115:
1.65 gdt 116: build.sh (and hence the FTP site) also creates an image 'rpi_inst.img.gz' specifically for installation without HDMI or a serial console. Note that this image is much smaller and that you will need to fetch the sets over the network. To use this method, write that image to a uSD card as above, and then:
1.53 gdt 117:
1.61 gdt 118: - Ensure that you have a lan with a DHCP server.
119: - Connect an Ethernet cable from the RPI to the LAN.
1.19 wiki 120: - After starting DHCP client, SSH login to with user "sysinst", and password "netbsd".
1.17 wiki 121: - Be careful to note the ip address given during DHCP so you don't lose your connection
122: - Also for after the sysinst is done and the system reboots
123: - sysinst started!
1.16 wiki 124:
1.55 gdt 125: ## Installation via ebijun's image
126:
1.58 gdt 127: As an alternative to the standard installation images, Jun Ebihara
128: provides an install image for Raspberry Pi that includes packages. It
129: is based on NetBSD-current and is built for earmv6hf, and thus will
130: work on Raspberry Pi 1, 2 and 3. This image is typically updated
131: every few weeks.
1.55 gdt 132:
1.56 gdt 133: - [https://github.com/ebijun/NetBSD/blob/master/RPI/RPIimage/Image/README](https://github.com/ebijun/NetBSD/blob/master/RPI/RPIimage/Image/README)
1.55 gdt 134:
1.53 gdt 135: ## Updating the kernel
1.46 schmonz 136:
1.42 wiki 137: - Build a new kernel, e.g. using build.sh. It will tell you where the ELF version of the kernel is, e.g.
138:
139: ...
140: Kernels built from RPI2:
141: /Users/feyrer/work/NetBSD/cvs/src-current/obj.evbarm-Darwin-XXX/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/RPI2/netbsd
142: ...
143:
1.69 rin 144: - Besides the "netbsd" kernel in ELF format, there is also a "netbsd.img" (for current) or "netbsd.bin" (for 7 and 8) kernel that is in a format that the Raspberry can boot.
1.48 sevan 145: - Depending on your hardware version, copy this either to /boot/kernel.img (First generation Pi, Pi Zero hardware) or to /boot/kernel7.img (Pi 2, Pi 3 hardware)
1.42 wiki 146: - reboot
147:
1.73 ! gdt 148: ## Updating the firmware
! 149:
! 150: A section below describes the process of updating NetBSD's copy of the firmware from upstream, with testing, by NetBSD developers. This section is about updating a system's firmware from the firmware in a version of NetBSD.
! 151:
! 152: TODO: Explain where the firmware is in the source tree, and if it is in the installed system image (such as /usr/mdec). Explain any particular cautions.
! 153:
1.24 wiki 154: # Wireless Networking
1.53 gdt 155:
156: Note that the built-in WiFi in the RPI3 is not yet supported.
157:
1.24 wiki 158: - A Realtek 802.11n USB adaptor configures as urtwn(4).
1.25 wiki 159: - Configure with wpa_supplicant in /etc/rc.conf -
1.24 wiki 160:
161: ifconfig_urtwn0=dhcp
162: dhcpcd=YES
163: dhcpcd_flags="-q -b"
164: wpa_supplicant=YES
165: wpa_supplicant_flags="-B -i urtwn0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf"
1.25 wiki 166: - A sample wpa_supplicant.conf can be found at /usr/share/examples/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
1.24 wiki 167:
1.27 wiki 168: # GPU
169:
170: ## Video playback
1.29 wiki 171: Accelerated video playback is supported in NetBSD 7 with the [OMXPlayer](http://pkgsrc.se/multimedia/omxplayer) application and through GStreamer with the [omx](http://pkgsrc.se/multimedia/gst-plugins1-omx) plugin.
1.27 wiki 172:
173: ## OpenGL ES
174: Accelerated OpenGL ES is supported in NetBSD 7. The GL ES client libraries are included with the [misc/raspberrypi-userland](http://pkgsrc.se/misc/raspberrypi-userland) package.
175:
1.28 wiki 176: ## Quake 3
1.27 wiki 177: A Raspberry Pi optimized build of *ioquake3* is available in the [games/ioquake3-raspberrypi](http://pkgsrc.se/games/ioquake3-raspberrypi) package. To use it, the following additional resources are required:
178:
179: - pak0.pk3 from Quake 3 CD
1.31 snj 180: - additional pak files from the [games/ioquake3-pk3](http://pkgsrc.se/games/ioquake3-pk3) package
1.27 wiki 181: - read/write permissions on /dev/vchiq and /dev/wsmouse
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1.31 snj 183: Place the pak0.pk3 file in the /usr/pkg/lib/ioquake3/baseq3 directory.
1.27 wiki 184:
1.32 wiki 185: ## RetroArch / Libretro
186: Using [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/retroarch) it is possible to run many emulators at full speed the Raspberry Pi. Emulator cores for various gaming consoles are available in the [emulators/libretro-*](http://pkgsrc.se/search.php?so=libretro-) packages. To begin using retroarch:
187:
188: - Install [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/retroarch)
189: - Install the libretro core for the system you would like to emulate (lets take [emulators/libretro-gambatte](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/libretro-gambatte), a GameBoy Color emulator, as an example).
190: - Plug in a USB HID compatible Gamepad, such as the Logitech F710 in "DirectInput" mode (set "D/X" switch to "D").
191: - Create a config file for your gamepad using *retroarch-joyconfig*.
192: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.35 wiki 193: $ retroarch-joyconfig -o gamepad.cfg
1.32 wiki 194: """]]
195: - Launch the emulator from the command-line (no X required):
196: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
197: $ retroarch --appendconfig gamepad.cfg -L /usr/pkg/lib/libretro/gambatte_libretro.so game.gbc
198: """]]
199:
1.53 gdt 200: # Developer notes
1.50 gdt 201:
1.53 gdt 202: These notes are for people working on improvements to RPI support in NetBSD.
1.50 gdt 203:
1.72 gdt 204: ## Updating the firmware version in the NetBSD sources
1.50 gdt 205:
1.72 gdt 206: (Note that trying new firmware may result in a non-bootable system, so
207: be prepared to recover the bootable media with another system.)
1.50 gdt 208:
1.72 gdt 209: Upstream firmware releases are
210: [on GitHub](https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/releases).
211: Copy all files except `kernel*.img` into `/boot` and reboot.
212:
213: New firmware should pass all of the following tests before being committed to NetBSD.
1.50 gdt 214:
1.53 gdt 215: - Audio
216: - OMXPlayer (and [[!template id=man name="vchiq"]])
217: - Serial/framebuffer console
218: - CPU frequency scaling
1.50 gdt 219:
1.72 gdt 220: Tests shoudl be run on all of `rpi[0123]`.
1.1 jakllsch 221:
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