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version 1.37, 2015/03/09 10:45:15 version 1.53, 2017/10/14 14:53:46
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 [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm on Raspberry Pi"]]  [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm on Raspberry Pi"]]
   
   This page attempts to document and coordinate efforts towards NetBSD/evbarm on [Raspberry Pi](http://www.raspberrypi.org). All board variants are supported.
   
   Initial, limited, Raspberry Pi support was introduced in NetBSD 6.0. NetBSD 7.0 adds complete support for the board, along with introducing support for the quad-core Raspberry Pi 2 board.  Raspberry Pi 3 support was added for NetBSD 8, and backported to NetBSD 7 in July of 2017.
   
 [[images/raspberrypi.jpg]]  [[images/raspberrypi.jpg]]
   
 [[!toc levels=2]]  [[!toc levels=2]]
   
 This page attempts to document and coordinate efforts towards NetBSD/evbarm on [Raspberry Pi](http://www.raspberrypi.org). All board variants are supported.  
   
 <small>([Raspberry Pi image](http://www.flickr.com/photos/42325803@N07/8118758647/) by Christopher Lee used under CC-By-2.0 license)</small>  <small>([Raspberry Pi image](http://www.flickr.com/photos/42325803@N07/8118758647/) by Christopher Lee used under CC-By-2.0 license)</small>
   
 # Installation  # What works
  - You may use the rpi.img file created by an evbarm build - evbarm-earmv6hf is recommended. This isn't optimized for Raspberry Pi 2, but allows a single image to be used for all boards.  
    - The Raspberry Pi port will be part of the NetBSD 7 release.  
    - The Raspberry Pi 2 port is only in HEAD at present.  
    - The automatic nightly builds can be found in the 'evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/' directory on [nyftp.netbsd.org](http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/).  
      - The stable build will be under netbsd-7/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/  
      - The HEAD/current build will be under HEAD/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/  
      - For example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-7/201412161700Z/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/  
    - 'releasedir/evbarm/binary/gzimg/' if you run (for example) './build.sh -m evbarm -a earmv6hf -u release'  
    - <i>gunzip and dd</i> this img to your sd card.  
   
            dd if=rpi.img of=/dev/disk1  ## NetBSD 7 before July, 2017
   
  - Using a serial console   - RaspberryPi 1, and 2 (including SMP)
    - By default the rpi.img is set to use the HDMI output; to change to using a serial console first mount rpi.img (it's a FAT filesystem)   - multi-user boot with root on SD card
    - serial or graphics console (with EDID query / parsing)
    - DMA controller driver and sdhc(4) support
    - Audio: works. man page missing.
    - I²C: works, could use enhancements, man page
    - GPIO
    - RNG
    - SPI: could use enhancements, man page
    - GPU (VCHIQ) - 3D and video decode. man page missing.
    - USB (host) - dwctwo(4)
    - USB Ethernet - usmsc(4)
    - X windows.
   
            edit cmdline.txt and remove '"console=fb"'  ## NetBSD 7 after July, 2017 and NetBSD 8
   
    - Raspberry Pi 3 (excluding WiFi and bluetooth)
   
  - Growing the root file-system  ## NetBSD current
    - During the partitioning process, do not delete or format the  
      first MSDOS (FAT) partition, as the Raspberry pi firmware is  
      hard coded to boot on the SDCAD / 1st MSDOS partition / Firmware  
      updates and boot loader.  
    - Copy /boot/cmdline.txt to /boot/cmdline.txt.orig  
    - Edit /boot/cmdline.txt and add the '-s' flag to the end of the first line of text to boot into single-user mode.  
    - For the next steps, the root filesystem mustn't be mounted rw. So reboot, and at the prompt to enter the pathname of shell,  
      press return for the default (/bin/sh).  
    - At the # prompt, type  
   
         "disklabel -i ld0" and press return.   - Raspberry Pi 3 bluetooth
    - Raspberry Pi 3 new SD host controller driver
   
    - At the partition> prompt type "A" and press return.  # What needs work
   
            Adjust disklabel sector from 4194304 to 62333952 [n]?   - USB (host); isochronous transfers.
            Type "y" and press return.   - WiFi
   
    - partition> prompt type "a" and press return.  # Installation
   
            Filesystem type prompt, press return to use the current value (4.2BSD).   - The automatic nightly builds  on [nyftp.netbsd.org](http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/) provide image files that can be used for installation. The Raspberry Pi and Pi 2 ports are part of the NetBSD 7 release.
            Start offset prompt, press return to use the current value.      - The 'evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/' directory contains an rpi.img file that can be used as a single image for both boards.
            Partition size prompt, type "$" and press return to grow the      - The 'evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/gzimg/' directory, as of August 6th 2015, contains an armv7.img file that is optimized for Raspberry Pi 2.
            partition to use all available free space.      - The stable build directory will be under netbsd-7/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/ (for example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-7/201412161700Z/evbarm-earmv6hf/binary/gzimg/)
       - The HEAD/current directory build will be under HEAD/YYYYMMDDHHMMZ/ (for example, http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-7/201508062150Z/evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/gzimg/)
     - You can build your own version of these images using (for example) './build.sh -m evbarm -a earmv6hf -u release', or './build.sh -m evbarm -a earmv7hf -u release'
      - <i>gunzip and dd</i> this img to your sd card. For example,
   
    - partition> prompt type "W" to save the changes to the disklabel.             dd if=rpi.img of=/dev/disk1
   
            Confirm this choice by typing "y" at the Label disk prompt.   - Using a serial console
            Type "Q" and press return to quit disklabel.     - By default the rpi.img is set to use the HDMI output; to change to using a serial console first mount rpi.img (it's a FAT filesystem)
   
    - At the # prompt (shell), type             edit cmdline.txt and remove '"console=fb"'
   
            fsck -fy /dev/rld0a     - Most (all?) USB-to-TTL serial adapters only connect Tx, Rx and ground, and do not connect any flow control lines. An effect of missing flow control is that you see console output, but cannot type anything. If so, adjust your serial console application's flow control settings to "none".
            resize_ffs -y /dev/rld0a  
   
    - This may take a few minutes, be patient!        In Kermit, the command is "set flow none".
   
            fsck -fy /dev/rld0a        In minicom, run "minicom -s" and set hardware flow control to "no"
            mount_msdos /dev/ld0e /boot  
            mv /boot/cmdline.txt.orig /boot/cmdline.txt  
            reboot  
   
     - When the system comes back up, the root file-system will have been expanded to  ## Installation with sshramdisk image
            fill the SD card.  
   
 # Installation with sshramdisk image  
  - You may use the  rpi_inst.img.gz file created by an evbarm build.   - You may use the  rpi_inst.img.gz file created by an evbarm build.
  - Connect Ethernet Cable to RPI.   - Connect Ethernet Cable to RPI.
  - After starting DHCP client, SSH login to with user "sysinst", and password "netbsd".   - After starting DHCP client, SSH login to with user "sysinst", and password "netbsd".
Line 79  This page attempts to document and coord Line 74  This page attempts to document and coord
    - Also for after the sysinst is done and the system reboots     - Also for after the sysinst is done and the system reboots
  - sysinst started!   - sysinst started!
   
 # Updating the firmware  ## Updating the kernel
  - [rpi firmware files](https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/boot)  
    - Copy all files except 'kernel*.img' into /boot and reboot   - Build a new kernel, e.g. using build.sh. It will tell you where the ELF version of the kernel is, e.g.
   
            ...
            Kernels built from RPI2:
             /Users/feyrer/work/NetBSD/cvs/src-current/obj.evbarm-Darwin-XXX/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/RPI2/netbsd
            ...
   
    - Besides the "netbsd" kernel in ELF format, there is also a "netbsd.bin" kernel that is in a format that the Raspberry can boot.
    - Depending on your hardware version, copy this either to /boot/kernel.img (First generation Pi, Pi Zero hardware) or to /boot/kernel7.img (Pi 2, Pi 3 hardware)
    - reboot
   
 # Wireless Networking  # Wireless Networking
   
     Note that the built-in WiFi in the RPI3 is not yet supported.
   
  - A Realtek 802.11n USB adaptor configures as urtwn(4).   - A Realtek 802.11n USB adaptor configures as urtwn(4).
    - Configure with wpa_supplicant in /etc/rc.conf -     - Configure with wpa_supplicant in /etc/rc.conf -
   
Line 126  $ retroarch-joyconfig -o gamepad.cfg Line 133  $ retroarch-joyconfig -o gamepad.cfg
 $ retroarch --appendconfig gamepad.cfg -L /usr/pkg/lib/libretro/gambatte_libretro.so game.gbc  $ retroarch --appendconfig gamepad.cfg -L /usr/pkg/lib/libretro/gambatte_libretro.so game.gbc
 """]]  """]]
   
 # What works (NetBSD 7.0+)  # Developer notes
  - multi-user boot with root on SD card  
  - serial or graphics console (with EDID query / parsing)  
  - DMA controller driver and sdhc(4) support  
  - Audio: works. man page missing.  
  - I²C: works, could use enhancements, man page  
  - GPIO  
  - RNG  
  - SPI: could use enhancements, man page  
  - GPU (VCHIQ) - 3D and video decode. man page missing.  
  - USB (host) - dwctwo(4)  
  - USB Ethernet - usmsc(4)  
  - X windows.  
   
 # What needs work  These notes are for people working on improvements to RPI support in NetBSD.
  - USB (host); isochronous transfers.  
  - MULTIPROCESSOR support for Raspberry Pi 2  ## Updating the firmware
   
   You probably don't want to do this. Firmware updates can break things,
   and the latest firmware that's been tested is already included in the
   NetBSD build you installed.
   
   If you're feeling adventurous (or are the port maintainer), here's what
   to test whenever you try new firmware:
   
   - Audio
   - OMXPlayer (and [[!template id=man name="vchiq"]])
   - Serial/framebuffer console
   - CPU frequency scaling
   
   That goes for all of `rpi[0123]`.
   
   Upstream firmware releases are
   [on GitHub](https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/releases).
   Copy all files except `kernel*.img` into `/boot` and reboot.
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