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version 1.117, 2018/12/23 15:55:17 version 1.126, 2020/01/26 17:15:52
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 [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm on Raspberry Pi"]]  [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm on Raspberry Pi"]]
   
 This page describes the NetBSD/evbarm port on [Raspberry Pi](http://www.raspberrypi.org) hardware.  All [board variants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Specifications) are believed supported, and specific boards know to work are listed.  We use e.g. "RPI2" to refer to "Raspberry Pi 2" to save precious bytes on this page.  This web page is 32-bit (aarch32) centric, as that has been until mid-2018 the only approach.  This page describes the NetBSD/evbarm port on [Raspberry Pi](http://www.raspberrypi.org) hardware.  All [board variants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Specifications) earlier than the RPI4 are believed supported, and specific boards known to work are listed.  We use e.g. "RPI2" to refer to "Raspberry Pi 2" to save precious bytes on this page.  This web page is 32-bit (aarch32) centric, as that has been until mid-2018 the only approach.
   
 Initial, limited, Raspberry Pi support was introduced in NetBSD 6.0.  NetBSD 7.0 adds complete support for the board, along with introducing support for the quad-core Raspberry Pi 2 board.  Raspberry Pi 3 support was added for NetBSD 8, and backported to NetBSD 7 in July of 2017.  (This page assumes those using NetBSD 7 are using 7.2 or later, but note that everyone uses 8 or -current.)  Initial, limited, Raspberry Pi support was introduced in NetBSD 6.0.  NetBSD 7.0 adds complete support for the board, along with introducing support for the quad-core Raspberry Pi 2 board.  Raspberry Pi 3 support was added for NetBSD 8, and backported to NetBSD 7 in July of 2017.  (This page assumes those using NetBSD 7 are using 7.2 or later, but note that everyone uses 8 or -current.)
   
 In mid-2018, -current gained support for 64-bit ARM (aarch64) support.  In mid-2018, -current gained support for 64-bit ARM (aarch64) support.  This will be in NetBSD 9.
   
 [[images/raspberrypi.jpg]]  [[images/raspberrypi.jpg]]
   
Line 14  In mid-2018, -current gained support for Line 14  In mid-2018, -current gained support for
   
 # What works (and what doesn't yet)  # What works (and what doesn't yet)
   
   "Works" is primarily relative to the earmv6hf-el and earmv7hf-el CPU targets (32-bit).
   
 ## NetBSD 7 and NetBSD 8  ## NetBSD 7 and NetBSD 8
   
  - RPI1, RPI2, RPI2-1.2, RPI3, RPI3+ (except RPI3 builtin WiFi and bluetooth)   - RPI1, RPI2, RPI2-1.2, RPI3, RPI3+ (except RPI3 builtin WiFi and bluetooth)
Line 33  In mid-2018, -current gained support for Line 35  In mid-2018, -current gained support for
  - I²C: works, could use enhancements, man page   - I²C: works, could use enhancements, man page
  - SPI: could use enhancements, man page   - SPI: could use enhancements, man page
   
   ## NetBSD 9
   
    - aarch64 support (RPI3, and should work on all supported systems with 64-bit CPUs)
    - RPI3 new SD host controller driver
   
 ## NetBSD current  ## NetBSD current
   
  - RPI3+   
  - RPI3 builtin bluetooth   - RPI3 builtin bluetooth
  - RPI3 new SD host controller driver  
  - \todo Verify: RPI2-1.2 and RPI3 aarch64  ## (maybe) NetBSD current, with manual steps
   
      These items do not work in the sense that they simply function after a standard install.  Being listed here implies only that there has been list traffic that implies that after taking a bunch of steps (e.g. new firmware, new dtbs, enabling drivers, applying patches), one can end up with the feature working.  The HOWTO explicitly refrains from describing these steps because they are ephemeral.  However, the fact that list traffic indicates success is possible is a clue that proper support is on the horizon, and that is notable.
   
    - RPI3, RPI0W builtin WiFi
   
 ## What needs documenting if it works  ## What needs documenting if it works
   
Line 48  In mid-2018, -current gained support for Line 58  In mid-2018, -current gained support for
   
 ## What needs work  ## What needs work
   
    - RPI4 (as of 2020-01, still does not work in current)
  - USB (host); isochronous transfers.   - USB (host); isochronous transfers.
  - RPI3, RPI0W builtin WiFi  
  - RPI0W Bluetooth Low Energy (probably)   - RPI0W Bluetooth Low Energy (probably)
  - aarch64 support is evolving very rapidly, and not yet recommended for production, largely because one must run -current.  
   
 # CPU types  # CPU types
   
Line 70  While the evbarm port has "eb" variants  Line 79  While the evbarm port has "eb" variants 
   
 The RPI2-1.2 and RPI3 have an armv8 CPU that supports aarch64 (64-bit  The RPI2-1.2 and RPI3 have an armv8 CPU that supports aarch64 (64-bit
 mode) in addition to aarch32 (regular 32-bit ARM).  This is supported,  mode) in addition to aarch32 (regular 32-bit ARM).  This is supported,
 in -current only, by the "aarch64" MACHINE_ARCH of evbarm, also  from -9 onwards, by the "aarch64" MACHINE_ARCH of evbarm, also
 available in build.sh via the alias evbarm64.  This is sometimes  available in build.sh via the alias evbarm64.  This is also
 referred to as [[NetBSD/aarch64|aarch64]].  referred to as [[NetBSD/aarch64|aarch64]].
   
 # Installation  # Installation
Line 163  is based on NetBSD-current and is built  Line 172  is based on NetBSD-current and is built 
 work on Raspberry Pi 1, 2 and 3.  This image is typically updated  work on Raspberry Pi 1, 2 and 3.  This image is typically updated
 every few weeks.  every few weeks.
   
  - [https://github.com/ebijun/NetBSD/blob/master/RPI/RPIimage/Image/README](https://github.com/ebijun/NetBSD/blob/master/RPI/RPIimage/Image/README)   - <https://github.com/ebijun/NetBSD/blob/master/RPI/RPIimage/Image/README>
   
 ## Configuring 802.11  ## Configuring 802.11
   
Line 251  Using [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsr Line 260  Using [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsr
   
  - Install [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/retroarch)   - Install [emulators/retroarch](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/retroarch)
  - Install the libretro core for the system you would like to emulate (lets take [emulators/libretro-gambatte](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/libretro-gambatte), a GameBoy Color emulator, as an example).   - Install the libretro core for the system you would like to emulate (lets take [emulators/libretro-gambatte](http://pkgsrc.se/emulators/libretro-gambatte), a GameBoy Color emulator, as an example).
  - Plug in a USB HID compatible Gamepad, such as the Logitech F710 in "DirectInput" mode (set "D/X" switch to "D").   - Make sure your user has read and write permissions on `/dev/vchiq`.
  - Initially you might want to configure your gamepad in X11 using keyboard controls. Set the following in $HOME/.config/retroarch.cfg:   - Plug in a USB HID compatible Gamepad, such as the Logitech F710 in "DirectInput" mode (set "D/X" switch to "D"). Note that since the framebuffer GL driver will not allow for keyboard input in RetroArch, you will have to copy your joypad configuration from another system.
         video_driver = "sdl2"   - Configure retroarch by editing $HOME/.config/retroarch/retroarch.cfg:
         menu_driver = "rgui"  
  - After you are done configuring your gamepad in RetroArch and have saved your configuration, you probably want to use the OpenGLES driver which runs in the framebuffer outside of X11 for better performance and latency. Change video_driver in retroarch.cfg:  
         video_driver = "gl"          video_driver = "gl"
  - Then exit X11 and run retroarch. Note that your user needs write permissions on `/dev/vchiq`.          input_driver = "null"
           joypad_driver = "sdl2"
           menu_driver = "rgui"
   
 # Developer notes  # Developer notes
   
Line 286  Tests should be run on all of `rpi[0123] Line 295  Tests should be run on all of `rpi[0123]
 See the anita section in the evbarm page.  See the anita section in the evbarm page.
   
 It is not currently known how to emulate a RPI in qemu, and therefore anita does not yet have support for this.  \todo Add a command-line example to run qemu emulating some RPI model.  It is not currently known how to emulate a RPI in qemu, and therefore anita does not yet have support for this.  \todo Add a command-line example to run qemu emulating some RPI model.
   
   
   # Misc notes
   Miscellaneous notes about Raspberry PI.
   
   ## Power supply needed (or: why there is a little rainbow square in the top-right corner?)
   Raspberry Pi devices are powered by 5V micro USB and a 2.5A (2500mA)
   power supply is recommended.  For more information please read:
   
    <https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/faqs/#pi-power>
   
   Power glitches can also manifest in other ways, e.g. with an USB
   disk plugged:
   
   [[!template id=programlisting text="""
   sd0(umass0:0:0:0): generic HBA error
   sd0: cache synchronization failed
   """]]
   
   Using a recommended power supply avoid such issues.
   
   ## Xenon death flash (Raspberry Pi 2 is camera-shy)
   When using laser pointers or xenon flashes in cameras (or other
   flashes of high-intensity long-wave light) against a Raspberry Pi
   2 the Pi can power itself off.
   For more information please read:
   
    <https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/xenon-death-flash-a-free-physics-lesson/>
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