Annotation of wikisrc/ports/evbarm/install_using_sysinst.mdwn, revision 1.10
1.1 leot 1: [[!meta title="NetBSD/evbarm install via sysinst(8) on a SATA hard disk, USB stick or (u)SD card"]]
2:
3: In this document we will see step by step how to install NetBSD/evbarm on an
4: external media (SATA hard disk, USB stick or (u)SD card) using
5: [[!template id=man name="sysinst" section="8"]].
6:
1.7 leot 7: As practical example a BananaPI and a SATA hard disk will be used.
8: However, the following instructions can be probably easily applied
9: on other SoCs and medias with little adjustments.
10:
1.1 leot 11:
12: # Populating (u)SD card with `armv7.img`
13:
1.6 leot 14: - Download or build `armv7.img`, e.g.:
1.8 leot 15:
16: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.6 leot 17: $ ftp http://cdn.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-8.0/evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/gzimg/armv7.img.gz
18: $ gunzip armv7.img.gz
1.8 leot 19: """]]
20:
1.6 leot 21: - Write the image to (u)SD card:
1.8 leot 22:
23: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
24: # dd if=armv7.img of=/dev/rsd0d bs=1m conv=sync
25: """]]
26:
1.6 leot 27: - Write u-boot to (u)SD card. `u-boot` images are provided by
1.9 leot 28: `sysutils/u-boot-<boardname>` packages, for example for Allwinner SoC:
1.8 leot 29:
30: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
31: # dd if=/usr/pkg/share/u-boot/<boardname>/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/rld0d bs=1k seek=8 conv=sync
32: """]]
1.1 leot 33:
1.10 ! leot 34: NetBSD/evbarm 8.0 does not automatically boot on the BananaPI.
! 35: We can use the following commands to boot from the (u)SD cards in u-boot:
! 36:
! 37: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
! 38: mmc dev 0
! 39: setenv kernel netbsd-BPI.ub
! 40: fatload mmc 0:1 82000000 $kernel
! 41: bootm 82000000 root=ld0a console=fb
! 42: """]]
! 43:
! 44: Or, to avoid typing them at every boot we can prepare an u-boot script via
! 45: [[!template id=man name="mkubootimage" section="1"]].
! 46:
! 47: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
! 48: $ cat boot.cmd
! 49: mmc dev 0
! 50: setenv kernel netbsd-BPI.ub
! 51: fatload mmc 0:1 82000000 $kernel
! 52: bootm 82000000 root=ld0a console=fb
! 53: $ mkubootimage -A arm -n armv7 -T script boot.cmd boot.scr
! 54: """]]
! 55:
! 56: ...and copy it on the populated (u)SD card:
! 57:
! 58: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
! 59: # mount /dev/sd0e /mnt
! 60: # cp /mnt/boot.scr /mnt/boot.scr.orig
! 61: # cp boot.scr /mnt/
! 62: """]]
1.1 leot 63:
64:
65: # Installing via sysinst(8)
66:
1.2 leot 67: *TODOleot*: Document all sysinst(8) "screenshot"!
68:
1.3 leot 69: Now that the SD card is populated with `armv7.img` we can login as `root` (by
70: default the password is empty) and run `sysinst`:
1.2 leot 71:
1.4 leot 72: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 73: # sysinst
1.4 leot 74: """]]
1.2 leot 75:
1.3 leot 76: The first menu is about the system type (Respberry PI or Other), we select the
77: latter ("Other"):
78:
1.4 leot 79: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 80:
81:
82:
83:
84:
85:
86:
87:
88:
89:
90: +-------------------------------------+
91: | What kind of system do you have? |
92: | |
93: | a: Raspberry PI |
94: |>b: Other |
95: +-------------------------------------+
96:
97:
98:
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105:
1.4 leot 106: """]]
1.2 leot 107:
1.3 leot 108: We want to install NetBSD/evbarm on the hard disk so let's select
109: "Install NetBSD to hard disk":
110:
1.4 leot 111: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 112:
113: NetBSD/evbarm 8.0
114:
115: This menu-driven tool is designed to help you install NetBSD to a hard disk,
116: or upgrade an existing NetBSD system, with a minimum of work.
117: In the following menus type the reference letter (a, b, c, ...) to select an
118: item, or type CTRL+N/CTRL+P to select the next/previous item.
119: The arrow keys and Page-up/Page-down may also work.
120: Activate the current selection from the menu by typing the enter key.
121:
122: If you booted from a floppy, you may now remove the disk.
123: Thank you for using NetBSD!
124: +-----------------------------------------------+
125: | NetBSD-8.0 Install System |
126: | |
127: |>a: Install NetBSD to hard disk |
128: | b: Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk |
129: | c: Re-install sets or install additional sets |
130: | d: Reboot the computer |
131: | e: Utility menu |
132: | f: Config menu |
133: | x: Exit Install System |
134: +-----------------------------------------------+
135:
136:
137:
1.4 leot 138: """]]
1.2 leot 139:
1.3 leot 140: Before proceeding with the installation, if the hard disk had any important data
141: it is better to stop and doing a backup before proceeding. If it is empty and/or
142: we can safetely remove its data we can proceed:
143:
1.4 leot 144: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 145:
146: You have chosen to install NetBSD on your hard disk. This will change
147: information on your hard disk. You should have made a full backup before
148: this procedure! This procedure will do the following things:
149: a) Partition your disk
150: b) Create new BSD file systems
151: c) Load and install distribution sets
152: d) Some initial system configuration
153:
154: (After you enter the partition information but before your disk is changed,
155: you will have the opportunity to quit this procedure.)
156:
157: Shall we continue?
158: +---------------+
159: | yes or no? |
160: | |
161: | a: No |
162: |>b: Yes |
163: +---------------+
164:
165:
166:
167:
168:
169:
170:
1.4 leot 171: """]]
1.2 leot 172:
1.3 leot 173: Now we can see all the available disks. The hard disk attached via SATA is a
174: 120GB SSD recognized as `wd0`:
175:
1.4 leot 176: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 177:
178: On which disk do you want to install NetBSD?
179:
180:
181: +-----------------------------------+
182: | Available disks |
183: | |
184: |>a: wd0 (112G, SanDisk SDSSDA120G) |
185: | b: Extended partitioning |
186: | x: Exit |
187: +-----------------------------------+
188:
189:
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1.4 leot 203: """]]
1.2 leot 204:
1.3 leot 205: We now need to edit MBR partition table. We will create two MBR partitions: the
206: first one a FAT32 for `/boot` and the other for NetBSD. We select "Edit the MBR
207: partition table":
208:
1.4 leot 209: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 210:
211: We are now going to install NetBSD on the disk wd0.
212:
213: NetBSD requires a single partition in the disk's MBR partition table, this is
214: split further by the NetBSD disklabel. NetBSD can also access file systems
215: in other MBR partitions.
216:
217: If you select 'Use the entire disk' then the previous contents of the disk
218: will be overwritten and a single MBR partition used to cover the entire disk.
219: If you want to install more than one operating system then edit the MBR
220: partition table and create a partition for NetBSD.
221:
222: A few hundred MB is enough for a basic installation, but you should allow
223: extra for additional software and user files.
224: Allow at least 5GB if you want to build NetBSD itself.
225: +---------------------------------+
226: | Which would you like to do? |
227: | |
228: |>a: Edit the MBR partition table |
229: | b: Use the entire disk |
230: +---------------------------------+
231:
232:
233:
234:
235:
1.4 leot 236: """]]
1.2 leot 237:
1.3 leot 238: First we select the second entry ("b"), set the "type:" to "NetBSD":
239:
1.4 leot 240: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 241:
242: The Current MBR partition table is shown below.
243: Flgs: a => Active partition, I => Install here.
244: Select the partition you wish to change:
245:
246: Total disk size 114473 MB.
247: +-----------------------------------------------------------+
248: Start( MB) |>a: type: unused |
249: ---------- | b: start: 0 MB |
250: a: | c: size: 0 MB |
251: >b: | d: end: 0 MB |
252: c: | e: active: No |
253: d: +-----------------------------------+ |
254: e: Change in| a: Don't change |linders/MB) |
255: x: Partition| b: Delete partition | |
256: |>c: NetBSD |-------------------------+
257: | d: Extended partition, LBA |
258: | e: FreeBSD/386BSD |
259: | f: OpenBSD |
260: | g: Linux native |
261: | h: Linux swap |
262: | i: DOS FAT12 |
1.5 leot 263: | <: page up, >: page down |
1.2 leot 264: +-----------------------------------+
265:
266:
1.4 leot 267: """]]
1.2 leot 268:
1.3 leot 269: We reserve for the NetBSD MBR partition all the end of the disk,
270: starting at 92MB (1MB that will be empty and 91MB that will be for
271: the FAT32), we also select to make it active ("active: Yes") and
272: we will use it to install NetBSD ("install: Yes"):
273:
1.4 leot 274: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 275:
276: The Current MBR partition table is shown below.
277: Flgs: a => Active partition, I => Install here.
278: Select the partition you wish to change:
279:
280: Total disk size 114473 MB.
281: +-----------------------------------------------------------+
282: Start( MB) | a: type: NetBSD |
283: ---------- | b: start: 92 MB |
284: a: | c: size: 114381 MB |
285: >b: | d: end: 114473 MB |
286: c: | e: active: Yes |
287: d: | f: install: Yes |
288: e: Change inpu| g: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB) |
289: x: Partition t|>x: Partition OK |
290: +-----------------------------------------------------------+
291:
292:
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1.4 leot 301: """]]
1.2 leot 302:
1.3 leot 303: We now select the first partition ("a") and create a "Windows FAT32", starting
304: at 1MB and ending at 92MB before the "NetBSD" partition. We also make it active
305: ("active: Yes"):
306:
1.4 leot 307: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 308:
309: The Current MBR partition table is shown below.
310: Flgs: a => Active partition, I => Install here.
311: Select the partition you wish to change:
312:
313: Total disk size 114473 MB.
314: +-----------------------------------------------------------+
315: Start( MB) | a: type: Windows FAT32 |
316: ---------- | b: start: 1 MB |
317: >a: | c: size: 91 MB |
318: b: 92 | d: end: 92 MB |
319: c: | e: active: Yes |
320: d: | f: install: No |
321: e: Change inpu| g: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB) |
322: x: Partition t|>x: Partition OK |
323: +-----------------------------------------------------------+
324:
325:
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1.4 leot 334: """]]
1.2 leot 335:
1.3 leot 336: Here the final MBR partition table:
337:
1.4 leot 338: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 339:
340: The Current MBR partition table is shown below.
341: Flgs: a => Active partition, I => Install here.
342: Select the partition you wish to change:
343:
344: Total disk size 114473 MB.
345:
346: Start( MB) Size( MB) Flg Kind
347: ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
348: >a: 1 91 a Windows FAT32
349: b: 92 114381 I NetBSD
350: c: unused
351: d: unused
352: e: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB)
353: x: Partition table OK
354:
355:
356:
357:
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364:
1.4 leot 365: """]]
1.2 leot 366:
1.3 leot 367: Now that the MBR partition table is written we can proceed to set
368: sizes of NetBSD partitions:
369:
1.4 leot 370: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 371:
372: NetBSD uses a BSD disklabel to carve up the NetBSD portion of the disk into
373: multiple BSD partitions. You must now set up your BSD disklabel.
374:
375: You can use a simple editor to set the sizes of the NetBSD partitions, or
376: keep the existing partition sizes and contents.
377:
378: You will then be given the opportunity to change any of the disklabel fields.
379:
380: The NetBSD part of your disk is 114381 Megabytes. A full installation
381: requires at least 288 Megabytes without X and at least 348 Megabytes if the X
382: sets are included.
383: +-----------------------------------+
384: | Choose your installation |
385: | |
386: |>a: Set sizes of NetBSD partitions |
387: | b: Use existing partition sizes |
388: +-----------------------------------+
389:
390:
391:
392:
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394:
395:
396:
1.4 leot 397: """]]
1.2 leot 398:
1.3 leot 399: We set the swap size to 4G and we reserve the rest of the space for "/":
400:
1.4 leot 401: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 402:
403: You can now change the sizes for the system partitions. The default is to
404: allocate all the space to the root file system. However, you may wish to
405: have separate /usr (additional system files), /var (log files etc) or /home
406: (users' home directories) file systems.
407:
408: Free space will be added to the partition marked with a '+'.
409:
410: MB Cylinders Sectors Filesystem
411: a: 2208(110284) 4488 4523904 + /
412: b: 4096 8323 8389584 swap
413: c: 0 0 0 /tmp (mfs)
414: d: 0 0 0 /usr
415: e: 0 0 0 /var
416: f: 0 0 0 /home
417: g: Add a user defined partition
418: h: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB)
419: >x: Accept partition sizes. Free space 108076 MB, 13 free partitions.
420:
421:
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427:
1.4 leot 428: """]]
1.2 leot 429:
1.3 leot 430: The summary of the current BSD disklabel is:
431:
1.4 leot 432: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 433:
434: We now have your BSD disklabel partitions as:
435: This is your last chance to change them.
436:
437: Start MB End MB Size MB FS type Newfs Mount Mount point
438: --------- --------- --------- ---------- ----- ----- -----------
439: >a: 92 110375 110284 FFSv1 Yes Yes /
440: b: 110376 114472 4096 swap
441: c: 0 114472 114473 Whole disk
442: d: 0 0 0 unused
443: e: 1 91 91 Boot partition
444: f: 0 0 0 unused
445: g: Show all unused partitions
446: h: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB)
447: x: Partition sizes ok
448:
449:
450:
451:
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457:
458:
1.4 leot 459: """]]
1.2 leot 460:
1.3 leot 461: We can adjust the disklabel, for example we can use FFSv2 for "/"
462: and for the disklabel "e" set its mount point to "/boot" in order
463: that an `/etc/fstab` entry will be populated (please note
464: that "/boot" will not be automatically mounted by default):
465:
1.4 leot 466: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 467:
468: We now have your BSD disklabel partitions as:
469: This is your last chance to change them.
470:
471: Start MB End MB Size MB FS type Newfs Mount Mount point
472: --------- --------- --------- ---------- ----- ----- -----------
473: a: 92 110375 110284 FFSv2 Yes Yes /
474: b: 110376 114472 4096 swap
475: c: 0 114472 114473 Whole disk
476: d: 0 0 0 unused
477: e: 1 91 91 Boot partition /boot
478: f: 0 0 0 unused
479: g: Show all unused partitions
480: h: Change input units (sectors/cylinders/MB)
481: >x: Partition sizes ok
482:
483:
484:
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486:
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491:
492:
1.4 leot 493: """]]
1.2 leot 494:
1.3 leot 495: We have finally ready to proceed with
496: [[!template id=man name="sysinst" section="8"]] as usual and install
497: the installation sets. If you choose to install via FTP/HTTP please
498: note that the "Binary set directory" needs to be adjusted from
499: `/evbarm/binary/sets` to `/evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/sets` (it's
500: missing an `-earmv7hf' due different evbarm-s):
501:
1.4 leot 502: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 503:
504: The following are the http site, directory, user, and password that will be
505: used. If "user" is "ftp", then the password is not needed.
506:
507: a: Host ftp.NetBSD.org
508: b: Base directory pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-8.0
509: >c: Binary set directory /evbarm-earmv7hf/binary/sets
510: d: Source set directory /source/sets
511: e: User ftp
512: f: Password
513: g: Proxy
514: h: Transfer directory /usr/INSTALL
515: i: Delete after install No
516: j: Configure network
517: k: Exit
518: x: Get Distribution
519:
520:
521:
522:
523:
524:
525:
526:
527:
528:
1.4 leot 529: """]]
1.2 leot 530:
1.3 leot 531: The installation will proceed as usual and for more information
532: please give a look to
533: [The NetBSD Guide](https://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/chap-exinst.html#exinst-choose-media).
534:
535: *TODOleot*: add information how to populate `/boot` and prepare `boot.cmd`,
536: `boot.scr`.
537:
1.4 leot 538: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.2 leot 539: # mount /dev/wd0e /mnt
540: # cp -r /boot/* /mnt/
1.4 leot 541: """]]
1.1 leot 542:
543:
544: # References
545:
546: *TODOleot*: add a reference to the instructions shared via PR port-evbarm/50806.
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