Annotation of wikisrc/guide/fetch.mdwn, revision 1.3
1.1 jdf 1: # Obtaining the sources
2:
1.3 ! jdf 3: To read the NetBSD sources from your local disk or to build the system or parts
! 4: of it, you need to download the NetBSD sources. This chapter explains how to get
! 5: the NetBSD source using a number of different ways, although the preferred one
! 6: is to get the tarballs and then update via
1.1 jdf 7: [cvs(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?cvs+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386).
8:
9: ## Preparing directories
10:
1.3 ! jdf 11: Kernel and userland sources are usually placed in `/usr/src`. This directory is
! 12: not present by default in the NetBSD installation and you will need to create it
! 13: first. As it is in a system directory, you will need root access to create the
! 14: directory and make sure your normal user account can write to it. For
! 15: demonstration purposes, it is assumed that the non-root login is `carlo`.
1.1 jdf 16: Please replace it with a valid login name on your system:
17:
18: $ su
1.3 ! jdf 19: Password:
1.1 jdf 20: # mkdir /usr/src
21: # chown <carlo> /usr/src
22:
23: Also, if you want X11R6 sources, you can prepare `/usr/xsrc`:
24:
25: # mkdir /usr/xsrc
26: # chown <carlo> /usr/xsrc
27:
1.3 ! jdf 28: *Note*: Please note that for the subsequent steps, root access is neither needed
! 29: nor recommended, so this preparation step should be done first. All CVS
! 30: operations can (and should) be done as normal user and you don't need root
1.1 jdf 31: privileges any more:
32:
33: # exit
1.3 ! jdf 34: $
1.1 jdf 35:
36: ## Terminology
37:
1.3 ! jdf 38: **Before starting to fetch or download the required files, you may want to know
! 39: the definitions of *Formal releases*, *Maintenance branches* and other related
! 40: terms**. That information is available under the [NetBSD release glossary and
1.1 jdf 41: graphs](http://www.NetBSD.org/releases/release-map.html).
42:
43: ## Downloading tarballs
44:
1.3 ! jdf 45: It is sometimes faster to download a tarball and then continue updating with
! 46: [cvs(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?cvs+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386). You can
! 47: download tarballs (see
! 48: [tar(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?tar+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386)) from
1.1 jdf 49: ftp.NetBSD.org (or any other mirror) for a number of releases or branches.
50:
1.3 ! jdf 51: The only drawback is that the tarballs are updated less often. Normally, every
1.1 jdf 52: three days.
53:
1.3 ! jdf 54: Also, please note that these tarballs include the `CVS` directories, so you can
! 55: download them and then update your source tree using
! 56: [cvs(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?cvs+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386), as
1.1 jdf 57: explained in the CVS section.
58:
59: ### Downloading sources for a NetBSD release
60:
1.3 ! jdf 61: The tarball files for the sources of a specific release are available under
1.1 jdf 62: `/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-<RELEASE-NUMBER>/source/sets/`
1.3 ! jdf 63: on ftp.NetBSD.org (or a mirror), where `<RELEASE-NUMBER>` is the release you
1.1 jdf 64: want to fetch (for example, `4.0`).
65:
66: To fetch the sources of a NetBSD release using tarballs, simply do:
67:
68: $ ftp -i ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/source/sets/
69: Trying 2001:4f8:4:7:2e0:81ff:fe21:6563...
70: Connected to ftp.NetBSD.org.
71: 220 ftp.NetBSD.org FTP server (NetBSD-ftpd 20070809) ready.
72: 331 Guest login ok, type your name as password.
73: [...]
74: 250 CWD command successful.
75: 250 CWD command successful.
76: 250 CWD command successful.
77: ftp> mget *.tgz
78: local: gnusrc.tgz remote: gnusrc.tgz
79: 229 Entering Extended Passive Mode (|||58302|)
80: 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 'gnusrc.tgz' (79233899 bytes).
81: [...]
82: ftp> quit
83: 221-
84: Data traffic for this session was 232797304 bytes in 5 files.
85: Total traffic for this session was 232803039 bytes in 6 transfers.
86: 221 Thank you for using the FTP service on ftp.NetBSD.org.
87:
88: You should now have 5 files:
89:
90: $ ls *.tgz
91: gnusrc.tgz sharesrc.tgz src.tgz syssrc.tgz xsrc.tgz
92:
93: You now must extract them all:
94:
95: $ foreach file (*.tgz)
96: ? tar -xzf $file -C /usr/src
97: ? end
98:
99: ### Downloading sources for a NetBSD stable branch
100:
101: $ ftp -i ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-release-4-0/tar_files/src/
102: Trying 2001:4f8:4:7:2e0:81ff:fe21:6563...
103: Connected to ftp.NetBSD.org.
104: 220 ftp.NetBSD.org FTP server (NetBSD-ftpd 20070809) ready.
105: 331 Guest login ok, type your name as password.
106: [...]
107: 250 CWD command successful.
108: 250 CWD command successful.
109: 250 CWD command successful.
110: 250 CWD command successful.
111: ftp> mget *.tar.gz
112: local: bin.tar.gz remote: bin.tar.gz
113: 229 Entering Extended Passive Mode (|||56011|)
114: 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 'bin.tar.gz' (914202 bytes).
115: [...]
116: ftp> quit
117: 221-
118: Data traffic for this session was 149221420 bytes in 22 files.
119: Total traffic for this session was 149231539 bytes in 23 transfers.
120: 221 Thank you for using the FTP service on ftp.NetBSD.org.
121:
122: You should now have 22 files:
123:
124: $ ls *.tar.gz
125: bin.tar.gz doc.tar.gz libexec.tar.gz tools.tar.gz
126: config.tar.gz etc.tar.gz regress.tar.gz top-level.tar.gz
127: contrib.tar.gz games.tar.gz rescue.tar.gz usr.bin.tar.gz
128: crypto.tar.gz gnu.tar.gz sbin.tar.gz usr.sbin.tar.gz
129: dist.tar.gz include.tar.gz share.tar.gz
130: distrib.tar.gz lib.tar.gz sys.tar.gz
131:
132: You now must extract them all:
133:
134: $ foreach file (*.tar.gz)
135: ? tar -xzf $file -C /usr/src
136: ? end
137:
138: ### Downloading sources for a NetBSD-current development branch
139:
1.3 ! jdf 140: To download the NetBSD-current tarballs, located under
! 141: `/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/tar_files/src`, just follow the same steps as in the
1.1 jdf 142: previous section, but now on a different directory.
143:
1.3 ! jdf 144: You may also want to fetch the X11 source, available under:
1.1 jdf 145: `/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/tar_files/xsrc`.
146:
147: ## Fetching by CVS
148:
1.3 ! jdf 149: CVS (Concurrent Versions System) can be used to fetch the NetBSD source tree or
! 150: to keep the NetBSD source tree up to date with respect to changes made to the
! 151: NetBSD sources. There are three trees maintained for which you can use
! 152: [cvs(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?cvs+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386) to obtain
1.1 jdf 153: them or keep them up to date:
154:
1.3 ! jdf 155: The list of currently maintained branches is available under
! 156: [`src/doc/BRANCHES`](http://cvsweb.NetBSD.org/bsdweb.cgi/src/doc/BRANCHES?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup)
1.1 jdf 157: (see the *Status* entry on *Release branches* section).
158:
1.3 ! jdf 159: Before you can do an initial (full) checkout of the NetBSD sources via
! 160: *anonymous CVS*, you first have to set some environment variables. For the
1.1 jdf 161: C-Shell, type:
162:
163: $ setenv CVS_RSH ssh
164: $ setenv CVSROOT anoncvs@anoncvs.NetBSD.org:/cvsroot
165:
166: Or, the same for the bourne shell:
167:
168: $ export CVS_RSH="ssh"
169: $ export CVSROOT="anoncvs@anoncvs.NetBSD.org:/cvsroot"
170:
1.3 ! jdf 171: We will also use the `-P` option in the examples below since it is used to prune
1.1 jdf 172: empty directories.
173:
174: ### Fetching a NetBSD release
175:
1.3 ! jdf 176: A release is a set of particular versions of source files, and once released
1.1 jdf 177: does not change over time.
178:
1.3 ! jdf 179: To get the NetBSD (kernel and userland) sources from a specific release, run the
1.1 jdf 180: following command after the preparations done above:
181:
182: $ cd /usr
183: $ cvs checkout -r <BRANCH> -P src
184:
1.3 ! jdf 185: Where `<BRANCH>` is the release branch to be checked out, for example,
! 186: `netbsd-3-1-RELEASE` or `netbsd-4-0-RELEASE`. If you want to fetch a different
1.1 jdf 187: patchlevel, you would use `netbsd-3-0-1-RELEASE` or `netbsd-3-0-2-RELEASE`.
188:
189: For example, in order to fetch `netbsd-4-0-RELEASE` you would use:
190:
191: $ cvs checkout -r netbsd-4-0-RELEASE -P src
192:
193: To fetch the X11R6 source, just `checkout` the `xsrc` module. For example:
194:
195: $ cvs checkout -r netbsd-4-0-RELEASE -P xsrc
196:
197: ### Fetching a NetBSD stable branch
198:
1.3 ! jdf 199: NetBSD stable branches are also called *Maintenance branches*. Please consult
1.1 jdf 200: the [[Terminology|guide/fetch#term]].
201:
1.3 ! jdf 202: If you want to follow a stable branch, just pass the branch name to the
! 203: [cvs(1)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?cvs+1+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386) `-r`
1.1 jdf 204: option.
205:
1.3 ! jdf 206: For example, if you want to fetch the most recent version of `netbsd-4`, you
1.1 jdf 207: just need to use that tag:
208:
209: $ cd /usr
210: $ cvs checkout -r netbsd-4 -P src
211:
212: And for the `xsrc` module:
213:
214: $ cvs checkout -r netbsd-4 -P xsrc
215:
1.3 ! jdf 216: If you have checked out sources from a stable branch in `/usr/src` and want to
1.1 jdf 217: update them to get the latest security-fixes and bug-fixes, run:
218:
219: $ cd /usr/src
220: $ cvs update -Pd
221:
1.3 ! jdf 222: The same applies to the `xsrc` module, but in that case you will have to change
1.1 jdf 223: your working directory to `/usr/xsrc` first.
224:
1.3 ! jdf 225: *Caution!* Be sure to take care in selecting the correct and desired branch tag
1.1 jdf 226: so you don't accidentally *downgrade* your source tree.
227:
228: ### Fetching the NetBSD-current development branch
229:
1.3 ! jdf 230: To obtain the NetBSD-current source just omit `-r` *`<BRANCH>`* and replace it
1.1 jdf 231: by `-A`:
232:
233: $ cd /usr
234: $ cvs checkout -A -P src
235:
236: The `xsrc` is also available:
237:
238: $ cd /usr
239: $ cvs checkout -A -P xsrc
240:
241: To update your NetBSD-current source tree, add the `-A` flag:
242:
243: $ cd /usr/src
244: $ cvs update -A -Pd
245:
246: ### Saving some cvs options
247:
1.3 ! jdf 248: If you find yourself typing some options to cvs over and over again, you can as
! 249: well put them into a file `.cvsrc` in your home directory. It is useful for just
! 250: typing `cvs update` on a directory with a branch checked out to update it
! 251: (adding `-A` would revert the branch to the -current branch, which is not what
! 252: one usually wants!), For unified diffs, transfers should be compressed and `cvs
1.1 jdf 253: update` should be mostly quiet:
254:
255: **Example `.cvsrc`**:
256:
257: #update -dPA
258: update -dP
259: rdiff -u
260: diff -u
261: cvs -q
262:
263: ## Sources on CD (ISO)
264:
1.3 ! jdf 265: If you prefer to download (and maybe burn) a CD-ROM image with the NetBSD
! 266: source, just fetch `sourcecd-<RELEASE-NUMBER>.iso` from ftp.NetBSD.org or any
1.1 jdf 267: other mirror.
268:
1.3 ! jdf 269: The `sourcecd-<RELEASE-NUMBER>.iso` file is located under
! 270: `/pub/NetBSD/iso/<RELEASE>`, where `<RELEASE>` is a release of NetBSD,
1.1 jdf 271: for example, `5.1`:
272:
273: ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/5.1/sourcecd-5.1.iso
274:
1.3 ! jdf 275: The next step is to burn the ISO image or mount it with the help of
! 276: [vnconfig(8)](http://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?vnconfig+8+NetBSD-5.0.1+i386).
! 277: Please see [[Using removable media|guide/rmmedia]], as it explains in detail how
1.1 jdf 278: to do it.
279:
1.3 ! jdf 280: Assuming you have mounted the CD under `/mnt`, `/mnt/source/sets` should have
1.1 jdf 281: everything you need to extract:
282:
283: $ ls /mnt/source/sets
284: BSDSUM MD5 gnusrc.tgz src.tgz xsrc.tgz
285: CKSUM SYSVSUM sharesrc.tgz syssrc.tgz
286:
1.3 ! jdf 287: All tarballs should be extracted to the root file system (`/`). The following
1.1 jdf 288: command will do it:
289:
290: $ foreach file (*.tgz)
291: ? tar -xzf $file -C /
292: ? end
293:
1.3 ! jdf 294: After that, you should have `/usr/src` and `/usr/xsrc` populated with the NetBSD
1.1 jdf 295: sources.
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