Annotation of wikisrc/amazon_ec2.mdwn, revision 1.36
1.1 wiki 1: [[!toc]]
2:
3: # Introduction
4:
1.21 wiki 5: This tutorial aims at showing how you can build, setup, upload and launch NetBSD under the [Amazon EC2](http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) service. We will first give some brief explanations on how you can obtain an AWS account, and what you will need to run NetBSD under EC2. Then, at your convenience, you will be able to start with pre-made images, or roll-out your own.
1.1 wiki 6:
1.3 wiki 7: # Subscribe to AWS (Amazon Web Services)
8:
9: If you already have an account for [Amazon Web Services](http://aws.amazon.com/), and you are a registered user for EC2 service, you can directly jump to section [What do you need to know](#index2h2). If not, keep reading.
1.1 wiki 10:
1.3 wiki 11: ## Quick overview
1.1 wiki 12:
1.3 wiki 13: Before you can start playing with Amazon EC2, you have to create an account on Amazon Web Services, of which EC2, the Elastic Compute Cloud, is part. This is fairly straightforward, and done in two steps:
1.1 wiki 14:
1.3 wiki 15: 1. you "sign-up" directly on [Amazon Web Services](http://aws.amazon.com/) home-page. This is where you enter your credentials, and confirm your AWS account registration.
16: 1. you sign-up to EC2 through [EC2 AWS home-page](http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/). You will be asked some more information, like a credit card (for billing), and a phone-number, for account validation.
1.1 wiki 17:
1.16 wiki 18: ## What do you need to know?
1.1 wiki 19:
1.3 wiki 20: EC2 uses different types of credentials. In addition to your login and password, you need an access key, a X.509 certificate (with its private key), and a pair of RSA keys, for remote SSH access.
21:
22: These can be created through the [Security Credentials](https://aws-portal.amazon.com/gp/aws/developer/account/index.html?ie=UTF8&action=access-key) page (also accessible from the [Account](http://aws.amazon.com/account/) page):
23:
24: 1. create the access key. Keep a secured copy of the ID and its associated secret value. These will be used by various scripts later on to perform certain EC2 actions.
25: 1. note down your account number (different from your access key ID!). This identifier can usually be obtained in the right top part of the page; it is a serie of numbers, separated with dashes: XXXX-XXXX-XXXX.
26: 1. create, or upload, a X.509 certificate, in PEM format. Keep the private key in a safe place.
1.9 wiki 27: 1. lastly, generate Amazon EC2 key pairs that will be used for SSH access. This step will be performed through the [Amazon Management Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/home). Note down the SSH Key Pair Name you chose.
1.3 wiki 28:
1.1 wiki 29: ### Keep your credentials!
30:
1.3 wiki 31: The different credentials created above will be used in various places of EC2, and by a myriad of commands. You are advised to keep them easily accessible, while still reasonably secure regarding their access. Most EC2 tools expect them to be find through a set of environment variables.
32:
1.9 wiki 33: For convenience, you could store them under a *.ec2* directory inside your *$HOME*:
1.3 wiki 34:
35: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
36: $ ls .ec2/
37: cert-SOMERANDOMKEY.pem # the X.509 certificate
1.5 wiki 38: id_rsa.ec2 # private RSA SSH key
39: id_rsa.ec2.pub # public RSA SSH key
1.3 wiki 40: pk-SOMERANDOMKEY.pem # the private key associated to the certificate
41: """]]
42:
43: then set the environment accordingly:
44:
45: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
46: export EC2_PRIVATE_KEY=$HOME/.ec2/pk-SOMERANDOMKEY.pem
47: export EC2_CERT=$HOME/.ec2/cert-SOMERANDOMKEY.pem
48: export EC2_SSH_KEY=$HOME/.ec2/id_rsa.ec2
1.9 wiki 49: export EC2_SSH_KEYNAME=<your_ssh_key_pair_name>
1.3 wiki 50: export EC2_ACCOUNT_NUM=XXXX-XXXX-XXXX
51: export EC2_ACCESS_KEY=MYACCESSKEYID
52: export EC2_SECRET_KEY=MYSECRETACCESSKEY
53: """]]
54:
55: Please note that the rest of the tutorial will assume that these variables are set.
56:
1.16 wiki 57: ## Installing EC2 API tools
1.9 wiki 58:
59: NetBSD provides EC2 API tools, to ease EC2 account management a little bit. The package is found inside [pkgsrc](http://www.pkgsrc.org), under [[!template id=pkg category=misc name=ec2-api-tools]].
60:
61: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
62: cd /usr/pkgsrc/misc/ec2-api-tools
63: make ACCEPTABLE_LICENSES+=amazon-software-license install
64: """]]
65:
66: Package depends on Java, so build will take some time to finish. While it builds, just continue reading.
67:
1.16 wiki 68: ## EC2 vocabulary -- last notes
1.3 wiki 69:
70: Before starting to play with EC2, you need to be familiar with the EC2 vocabulary used throughout this tutorial.
71:
72: Briefly said, EC2 uses [Xen](http://www.xen.org) as virtualization solution. So, in essence, all operating systems that support Xen para-virtualization can theoretically run inside EC2, as a domU. This is the case for NetBSD; however, please note that only amd64 is currently supported. Work is on-going to support 32 bits for EC2.
73:
74: All operating systems are run as *instances*, which are, as their name implies, the instantiation of a specific AMI, or *Amazon Machine Image*. An AMI is an image built from specific *snapshots* of *volumes*. The volumes are part of [Elastic Block Storage](http://aws.amazon.com/ebs/) (or EBS for short), which is another service offered by AWS, distinct from EC2.
1.1 wiki 75:
1.9 wiki 76: These instances are tied to a *region* (a geographical location; typically US East, US West, Europe West, etc.). Each region has *availability zones*, which can be compared to a sub-region, each one being physically distinct from another. Regions are identified by a name, like *us-east-1*, *eu-west-1*. Same goes for availability zones, usually with the region's name as prefix: *us-east-1a*, *us-east-1b*, and so forth. Note that resources are **not** shared between zones, so if you transfer data from one zone to another, you will be charged for it.
77:
1.3 wiki 78: AKI, or *Amazon Kernel Image*, are a specific type of image. It represents the Xen guest para-virtualized kernel, as used by an AMI. Certain AKIs are allowed to boot customized operating systems, e.g. those that are still not officially supported by Amazon. Thanks to [PyGrub](http://wiki.xensource.com/xenwiki/PyGrub), it can boot a kernel that resides inside an AMI's snapshot.
1.1 wiki 79:
1.23 wiki 80: # Using pre-made AMIs
81:
1.34 wiki 82: The following AMIs are publicly available. You can use them to [start a NetBSD instance](#index11h2) quickly, without needing to build your image by hand.
83:
84: <table>
85: <tr>
86: <th>NetBSD version</th>
87: <th>us-west-1</th>
88: <th>us-east-1</th>
89: <th>eu-west-1</th>
90: <th>ap-southeast-1</th>
91: </tr>
92: <tr>
93: <th>NetBSD 5.1.0_PATCH</th>
94: <td>
95: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
96: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
97: </td>
98: <td>
99: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
1.36 ! wiki 100: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
1.34 wiki 101: </td>
102: <td>
103: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
104: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
105: </td>
106: <td>
107: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
108: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
109: </td>
110: </tr>
111: <tr>
112: <th>NetBSD-HEAD (5.99.45)</th>
113: <td>
114: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
115: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
116: </td>
117: <td>
118: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
119: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
120: </td>
121: <td>
122: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
123: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
124: </td>
125: <td>
126: 32 bits: <strong></strong><br/>
127: 64 bits: <strong></strong>
128: </td>
129: </tr>
130: </table>
1.23 wiki 131:
1.17 wiki 132: # Build-up your NetBSD system
1.1 wiki 133:
1.6 wiki 134: ## Fetch and build NetBSD
1.1 wiki 135:
1.6 wiki 136: EC2 does not provide direct access to console. As a consequence, we cannot rely on it for installation, especially via [[!template id=man name=sysinst section=8]]. We must therefore build and install NetBSD in a separate directory, and configure it manually, before upload.
1.1 wiki 137:
1.9 wiki 138: This tutorial assumes that you will build the system under */mnt/ec2*.
1.1 wiki 139:
1.21 wiki 140: /!\Please note that you will need the [[!template id=man name=makefs section=8]] tool later in the process, so you can build a file system image that can be uploaded to Amazon EC2. You are therefore advised to perform the installation directly under a living NetBSD system, or in case your are not, to fetch the *src* tree to build the toolchain, which will contain the **nbmakefs** utility.
1.1 wiki 141:
1.21 wiki 142: [Details regarding on how you can fetch *src* are given in the NetBSD's guide](http://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/chap-fetch.html). Here are the basic commands you should type to build and install NetBSD under */mnt/ec2*:
143:
144: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.23 wiki 145: cd /usr/
146: # grab a recent src.tgz file (use curl(1), ftp(1), wget(1), ...)
147: ftp -a 'http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/tar_files/src.tar.gz'
148: # Decompress
149: tar -xzpf src.tar.gz
150: cd src
151: # build distribution and kernel
1.28 wiki 152: ./build.sh -O ../obj -T ../tools -D ../dest -R ../release -m amd64 -U distribution
1.23 wiki 153: ./build.sh -O ../obj -T ../tools -m amd64 kernel=XEN3_DOMU
154: # install distribution in /mnt/ec2
1.32 wiki 155: su root ./build.sh -O ../obj -T ../tools -D ../dest -R ../release -U -V INSTALLSETS="base etc" install=/mnt/ec2
1.21 wiki 156: """]]
1.6 wiki 157:
1.16 wiki 158: # Configuration of your NetBSD EC2 tree
1.6 wiki 159:
1.9 wiki 160: /!\This part assumes that you have a non-configured NetBSD system extracted under */mnt/ec2*; that is, it should have not been modified through [[!template id=man name=sysinst section=8]], nor by you.
1.6 wiki 161:
1.9 wiki 162: Under */mnt/ec2*, edit the files to add (or modify) these lines:
1.6 wiki 163:
164: [[!template id=filecontent name=etc/rc.conf text="""
165: rc_configured=YES
166:
1.26 wiki 167: ec2_init=YES
1.6 wiki 168: sshd=YES # for remote shell access to instance
169: """]]
170:
171: [[!template id=filecontent name=etc/ssh/sshd_config text="""
172: # Allows root to login via authentication keys
173: PermitRootLogin without-password
174: """]]
175:
1.22 wiki 176: This file is needed if you want to login via the EC2 SSH key pair created previously:
1.21 wiki 177:
1.26 wiki 178: [[!template id=filecontent name=etc/rc.d/ec2_init text="""
1.21 wiki 179: #!/bin/sh
180: #
1.26 wiki 181: # PROVIDE: ec2_init
1.21 wiki 182: # REQUIRE: NETWORKING
183: # BEFORE: LOGIN
184:
185: $_rc_subr_loaded . /etc/rc.subr
186:
187: name="ec2_init"
1.26 wiki 188: rcvar=${name}
1.21 wiki 189: start_cmd="ec2_init"
190: stop_cmd=":"
191:
1.22 wiki 192: METADATA_URL="http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/"
193: SSH_KEY_URL="public-keys/0/openssh-key"
194: HOSTNAME_URL="hostname"
195:
1.21 wiki 196: SSH_KEY_FILE="/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
197:
198: ec2_init()
199: {
200: (
201: umask 022
202: # fetch the key pair from Amazon Web Services
1.22 wiki 203: EC2_SSH_KEY=$(ftp -o - "${METADATA_URL}${SSH_KEY_URL}")
1.21 wiki 204:
205: if [ -n "$EC2_SSH_KEY" ]; then
206: # A key pair is associated with this instance, add it
207: # to root 'authorized_keys' file
208: mkdir -p $(dirname "$SSH_KEY_FILE")
1.22 wiki 209: touch "$SSH_KEY_FILE"
1.21 wiki 210: cd $(dirname "$SSH_KEY_FILE")
211:
1.22 wiki 212: grep -q "$EC2_SSH_KEY" "$SSH_KEY_FILE"
213: if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
214: echo "Setting EC2 SSH key pair: ${EC2_SSH_KEY##* }"
1.21 wiki 215: echo "$EC2_SSH_KEY" >> "$SSH_KEY_FILE"
216: fi
217: fi
1.22 wiki 218:
219: # set hostname
220: HOSTNAME=$(ftp -o - "${METADATA_URL}${HOSTNAME_URL}")
221: echo "Setting EC2 hostname: ${HOSTNAME}"
222: echo "$HOSTNAME" > /etc/myname
223: hostname "$HOSTNAME"
1.21 wiki 224: )
225: }
226:
1.22 wiki 227: load_rc_config $name
228: run_rc_command "$1"
1.21 wiki 229: """]]
230:
231: Create various files and directories:
1.6 wiki 232:
1.8 wiki 233: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
234: cd /mnt/ec2
1.21 wiki 235: # Add proc and kern directories
1.22 wiki 236: mkdir grub kern proc
1.21 wiki 237: # EC2 network configuration, via DHCP
238: echo "dhcp" > etc/ifconfig.xennet0
239: # Basic fstab entries
1.8 wiki 240: cat > etc/fstab << EOF
1.6 wiki 241: /dev/xbd1a / ffs rw 1 1
1.22 wiki 242: /dev/xbd0a /grub ext2fs rw 2 2
1.6 wiki 243: kernfs /kern kernfs rw
244: ptyfs /dev/pts ptyfs rw
245: procfs /proc procfs rw
1.8 wiki 246: EOF
1.21 wiki 247: # EC2 startup script (if you installed it)
1.26 wiki 248: if [ -f etc/rc.d/ec2_init ]; then
1.33 wiki 249: chmod 555 etc/rc.d/ec2_init
1.21 wiki 250: fi
1.6 wiki 251: """]]
252:
1.24 wiki 253: You can then proceed to modifying the system living under */mnt/ec2*, so it can fit your needs (adding custom binaries, packages, etc). When done, build the *NetBSD-AMI.img.gz* ffs image, via [[!template id=man name=makefs section=8]], or **nbmakefs**, from the [toolchain](http://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/chap-build.html#chap-build-tools):
1.9 wiki 254:
255: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
256: $ makefs -t ffs -B le -s 256m -N /mnt/ec2/etc/ -o density=32k NetBSD-AMI.img /mnt/ec2/
257: Calculated size of `NetBSD-AMI.img': 268435456 bytes, 7345 inodes
258: Extent size set to 8192
259: NetBSD-AMI.img: 256.0MB (524288 sectors) block size 8192, fragment size 1024
260: using 5 cylinder groups of 53.88MB, 6896 blks, 1728 inodes.
261: super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:
262: 32, 110368, 220704, 331040, 441376,
263: Populating `NetBSD-AMI.img'
264: Image `NetBSD-AMI.img' complete
265: $ gzip -9n NetBSD-AMI.img
266: """]]
1.1 wiki 267:
1.17 wiki 268: # Upload NetBSD to EC2
1.1 wiki 269:
1.24 wiki 270: We must now upload our NetBSD system to EC2. For that, we will have to create a minimalist EC2 instance, to which we will copy our files to construct our snapshots. We will use an Amazon Linux AMI instance.
1.9 wiki 271:
1.18 wiki 272: EC2 being localized in geographical regions, you have to carefully choose the AMI identifier you want to use there. This depends on where you want to execute your instance. Amazon Linux AMI IDs are listed on [the main page](http://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/) of the project, by regions. Choose ones backed by EBS.
1.9 wiki 273:
274: The examples listed here assume that the instances run in **US East**, within the **c** zone (e.g. **us-east-1c**). To have a list of EC2 regions, you can use the command **ec2-describe-regions**, and **ec2-describe-availability-zones** for availability zones.
275:
1.17 wiki 276: ## Create an Amazon Linux instance
1.9 wiki 277:
1.24 wiki 278: Creating an instance is straightforward. Amazon provides [different types of instances](http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/), with varying levels of billing and reliability. We will use a [*micro* instance](http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/#How_much_compute_power_do_Micro_instances_provide); its pricing is almost free.
1.9 wiki 279:
280: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
281: $ ec2-run-instances ami-74f0061d -t t1.micro -z us-east-1c -k $EC2_SSH_KEYNAME
282: RESERVATION r-1ab61377 983624114127 default
283: INSTANCE <strong>i-5babe737</strong> ami-74f0061d pending <your_ssh_key_pair_name> 0 t1.micro 2011-02-17T23:15:04+0000 us-east-1c aki-427d952b monitoring-disabled ebs paravirtual xen
284: """]]
285:
286: Use the instance identifier **i-XXXXXXX** to query the instance state via **ec2-describe-instances**. It will take some time to launch:
1.6 wiki 287:
1.9 wiki 288: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
289: $ sleep 5 && ec2-describe-instances i-5babe737 | grep running
290: $ sleep 5 && ec2-describe-instances i-5babe737 | grep running
291: INSTANCE i-5babe737 ami-74f0061d <strong>ec2-67-202-24-108.compute-1.amazonaws.com</strong> ip-10-99-86-193.ec2.internal running <your_ssh_key_pair_name> 0 t1.micro 2011-02-17T23:22:37+0000 us-east-1c aki-427d952b monitoring-disabled 67.202.24.108 10.99.86.193 ebs
292: """]]
1.1 wiki 293:
1.17 wiki 294: ## Create and attach your NetBSD volumes
1.1 wiki 295:
1.9 wiki 296: We will have to create and attach two EBS volumes:
297:
298: 1. one to contain the Grub *menu.lst* config file, as well as the NetBSD kernel.
299: 1. the other one will contain the root file-system.
300:
301: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
302: <strong>ec2-create-volume -s 1 -z us-east-1c</strong> # 1GiB -- will be used for Grub and kernel
303: VOLUME vol-24f88d4c 1 us-east-1c creating 2011-02-18T00:06:21+0000
304: <strong>ec2-create-volume -s 5 -z us-east-1c</strong> # 5GiB -- will contain the root file-system
305: VOLUME vol-36f88d5e 5 us-east-1c creating 2011-02-18T00:06:32+0000
306: *** Wait until both volumes are marked as "available" ***
307: <strong>ec2-describe-volumes vol-24f88d4c vol-36f88d5e</strong>
308: VOLUME vol-36f88d5e 5 us-east-1c available 2011-02-18T00:06:32+0000
309: VOLUME vol-24f88d4c 1 us-east-1c available 2011-02-18T00:06:21+0000
310: # Attach them under /dev/sdf and /dev/sdg respectively
311: <strong>ec2-attach-volume vol-36f88d5e -i i-5babe737 -d "/dev/sdf"</strong> # root file-system
312: ATTACHMENT vol-36f88d5e i-5babe737 /dev/sdf attaching 2011-02-18T00:13:53+0000
313: <strong>ec2-attach-volume vol-24f88d4c -i i-5babe737 -d "/dev/sdg"</strong> # Grub and kernel
314: ATTACHMENT vol-24f88d4c i-5babe737 /dev/sdg attaching 2011-02-18T00:14:02+0000
315: *** Wait until both volumes are "attached" ***
316: <strong>ec2-describe-volumes vol-24f88d4c vol-36f88d5e</strong>
317: VOLUME vol-36f88d5e 5 us-east-1c in-use 2011-02-18T00:06:32+0000
318: ATTACHMENT vol-36f88d5e i-5babe737 /dev/sdf attached 2011-02-18T00:14:00+0000
319: VOLUME vol-24f88d4c 1 us-east-1c in-use 2011-02-18T00:06:21+0000
320: ATTACHMENT vol-24f88d4c i-5babe737 /dev/sdg attached 2011-02-18T00:14:10+0000
321: """]]
322:
1.16 wiki 323: ## Snapshots!
1.2 wiki 324:
1.19 wiki 325: Before we can connect to our brand new instance, we have to allow connections on SSH port (22) through the AWS EC2 firewall:
326:
327: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.35 wiki 328: $ ec2-authorize default -p 22 --region us-east-1
1.19 wiki 329: GROUP default
330: PERMISSION default ALLOWS tcp 22 22 FROM CIDR 0.0.0.0/0
331: """]]
332:
1.24 wiki 333: We can now upload the kernel and the NetBSD disk image created earlier, *NetBSD-AMI.img.gz*, to our instance host:
1.9 wiki 334:
335: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
336: # Upload kernel to Linux AMI
1.21 wiki 337: rsync -aPv -e "ssh -i $EC2_SSH_KEY" /usr/obj/sys/arch/amd64/compile/XEN3_DOMU/netbsd \
1.9 wiki 338: ec2-user@ec2-67-202-24-108.compute-1.amazonaws.com:
339: # Upload disk image
340: rsync -aPv -e "ssh -i $EC2_SSH_KEY" NetBSD-AMI.img.gz \
341: ec2-user@ec2-67-202-24-108.compute-1.amazonaws.com:
342: """]]
343:
1.17 wiki 344: Then, log in to the instance, via its name. We will format and mount the Grub partition, create the *menu.lst* file, then copy files to their respective partitions.
345:
346: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
347: $ ec2-describe-instances i-5babe737
348: INSTANCE i-5babe737 ami-74f0061d <strong>ec2-67-202-24-108.compute-1.amazonaws.com</strong> ip-10-99-86-193.ec2.internal running <your_ssh_key_pair_name> 0 t1.micro 2011-02-17T23:22:37+0000 us-east-1c aki-427d952b monitoring-disabled 67.202.24.108 10.99.86.193 ebs
1.9 wiki 349: $ ssh -i "$EC2_SSH_KEY" ec2-user@ec2-67-202-24-108.compute-1.amazonaws.com
350: [...]
351: [ec2-user@ip-10-99-86-193 ~]$ sudo su
352: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# mkdir /mnt/grub
353: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# mkfs.ext2 /dev/sdg
354: [...]
355: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# mount /dev/sdg /mnt/grub/
356: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# mkdir -p /mnt/grub/boot/grub/
357: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# cat > /mnt/grub/boot/grub/menu.lst << EOF
1.12 wiki 358: default=0
359: timeout=0
360: hiddenmenu
361:
362: title NetBSD AMI
363: root (hd0)
364: kernel /boot/netbsd root=xbd1
1.9 wiki 365: EOF
366: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# mv netbsd /mnt/grub/boot/
367: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# umount /dev/sdg
368: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# gunzip < NetBSD-AMI.img.gz | dd of=/dev/sdf bs=32k
1.10 wiki 369: [root@ip-10-99-86-193 ec2-user]# sync
1.9 wiki 370: """]]
371:
1.16 wiki 372: ## Shutdown the Linux instance
1.1 wiki 373:
1.10 wiki 374: We now have to detach volumes, snapshot them, then we shutdown the Linux instance.
375:
376: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
377: # ec2-detach-volume vol-36f88d5e
378: ATTACHMENT vol-36f88d5e i-5babe737 /dev/sdf detaching 2011-02-18T00:14:00+0000
379: # ec2-detach-volume vol-24f88d4c
380: ATTACHMENT vol-24f88d4c i-5babe737 /dev/sdg detaching 2011-02-18T00:14:10+0000
381: # ec2-create-snapshot vol-36f88d5e
382: SNAPSHOT <strong>snap-deef2bb2</strong> vol-36f88d5e pending 2011-02-18T01:17:59+0000 983624114127 5
383: # ec2-create-snapshot vol-24f88d4c
384: SNAPSHOT <strong>snap-8aef2be6</strong> vol-24f88d4c pending 2011-02-18T01:18:10+0000 983624114127 1
385: # ec2-terminate-instances i-5babe737
386: INSTANCE i-5babe737 running shutting-down
387: """]]
388:
1.16 wiki 389: # Playing with your first NetBSD instance
390:
1.6 wiki 391: ## Create your first NetBSD AMI
1.1 wiki 392:
1.10 wiki 393: An AMI requires multiples components to be registered: the snapshots IDs we made in the previous chapter, as well as a specific AKI: the one that can chain-load Xenified kernels through PyGrub.
394:
1.18 wiki 395: /!\ AKIs are entitled to the same conditions as AMIs: their IDs are region-specific. So choose one carefully, or you will not be able to launch your NetBSD instance later!
1.10 wiki 396:
397: The list of AKIs that suits our situation can be obtained with the following command:
398:
399: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
400: # Obtain all kernel images (AKI) for region US East, for which manifest location contains pv-grub (for PyGrub)
401: # ec2-describe-images -a --region=us-east-1 -F image-type=kernel -F manifest-location=*pv-grub*
402: IMAGE aki-407d9529 ec2-public-images/pv-grub-hd0-V1.01-i386.gz.manifest.xml amazon available public i386 kernel instance-store paravirtual xen
1.15 wiki 403: <strong>IMAGE aki-427d952b ec2-public-images/pv-grub-hd0-V1.01-x86_64.gz.manifest.xml amazon available public x86_64 kernel instance-store paravirtual xen</strong>
1.10 wiki 404: IMAGE aki-4c7d9525 ec2-public-images/pv-grub-hd00-V1.01-i386.gz.manifest.xml amazon available public i386 kernel instance-store paravirtual xen
1.15 wiki 405: IMAGE aki-4e7d9527 ec2-public-images/pv-grub-hd00-V1.01-x86_64.gz.manifest.xml amazon available public x86_64 kernel instance-store paravirtual xen
1.10 wiki 406: """]]
407:
1.15 wiki 408: Pick the one with the correct architecture (x86_64 here). **hd0** are for AMIs where the snapshot contains no partition (where the volume is itself the whole partition), while **hd00** are for snapshots partitioned in a classical way (via MBR). Choose **hd0** AKIs. In this case, that will be **aki-427d952b**.
1.13 wiki 409:
410: We can proceed to the creation of our AMI, with:
1.10 wiki 411:
1.14 wiki 412: 1. */dev/sda1* as Grub partition (*/dev/sdg*, snapshot **snap-8aef2be6** of volume **vol-24f88d4c**)
413: 1. */dev/sda2* as root file-system (*/dev/sdf*, snapshot **snap-deef2bb2** of volume **vol-36f88d5e**)
1.10 wiki 414:
415: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.20 wiki 416: $ ec2-register -a x86_64 --kernel aki-427d952b --region us-east-1 \
1.10 wiki 417: -b "/dev/sda1=snap-8aef2be6" -b "/dev/sda2=snap-deef2bb2" -n "NetBSD-x86_64-current" \
418: -d "<add your own description here>
1.11 wiki 419: IMAGE <strong>ami-74d0231d</strong>
1.10 wiki 420: """]]
421:
1.16 wiki 422: ## Launch your first instance
1.1 wiki 423:
1.10 wiki 424: You can now start your own NetBSD instance, via:
425:
426: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
1.27 wiki 427: $ ec2-run-instances ami-74d0231d -t t1.micro -z us-east-1c -k $EC2_SSH_KEYNAME
1.10 wiki 428: RESERVATION r-08218465 983624114127 default
429: INSTANCE <strong>i-953d72f9</strong> ami-74d0231d pending 0 t1.micro 2011-02-18T02:05:46+0000 us-east-1c aki-4e7d9527 monitoring-disabled
1.11 wiki 430: *** Wait a few minutes, micro instances take time to start ***
431: # Query console output for your new instance
1.10 wiki 432: $ ec2-get-console-output i-953d72f9
1.15 wiki 433: Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
434: 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
435: The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.
436: Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
437: The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
438:
439: NetBSD 5.99.45 (XEN3_DOMU) #9: Wed Feb 16 21:14:49 CET 2011
1.10 wiki 440: [...]
1.23 wiki 441: NetBSD/amd64 (ip-10-112-58-223.ec2.internal) (console)
442:
443: login:
1.10 wiki 444: """]]
445:
1.15 wiki 446: ## Connect to your NetBSD instance
1.1 wiki 447:
1.23 wiki 448: Connection is similar to the one you used for the Amazon Linux instance, except that you login as "root" instead of "ec2-user":
449:
450: [[!template id=programlisting text="""
451: $ ec2-describe-instances i-953d72f9
452: RESERVATION r-da8021b7 983624114127 default
453: INSTANCE i-953d72f9 ami-74d0231d <strong>ec2-50-16-3-55.compute-1.amazonaws.com</strong> ip-10-112-58-223.ec2.internal running <your_ssh_key_pair_name> 0 t1.micro 2011-02-19T04:01:03+0000 us-east-1c aki-427d952b monitoring-disabled 50.16.3.55 10.112.58.223 ebs paravirtual xen
454: BLOCKDEVICE /dev/sda1 vol-ec3c4a84 2011-02-19T04:01:31.000Z
455: BLOCKDEVICE /dev/sda2 vol-ee3c4a86 2011-02-19T04:01:31.000Z
456: $ ssh -i "$EC2_SSH_KEY" root@ec2-50-16-3-55.compute-1.amazonaws.com
457: The authenticity of host 'ec2-50-16-3-55.compute-1.amazonaws.com (50.16.3.55)' can't be established.
458: [...]
459: Thank you for helping us test and improve NetBSD.
460:
461: Terminal type is xterm.
462: We recommend that you create a non-root account and use su(1) for root access.
463: ip-10-112-58-223# uname -a
464: NetBSD ip-10-112-58-223.ec2.internal 5.99.45 NetBSD 5.99.45 (XEN3_DOMU) #9: Wed Feb 16 21:14:49 CET 2011 jym@paris:/home/jym/cvs/obj/sys/arch/amd64/compile/XEN3_DOMU amd64
465: ip-10-112-58-223#
466: """]]
467:
468: Done!
469:
1.1 wiki 470: ## And now?
1.23 wiki 471:
472: Well, you got a NetBSD instance that is in almost every part similar to what a NetBSD domU can be. You can use this domU to host Internet services, run a database, extend your build farm, or use it as a sandbox. The AMI being built around snapshots, you can play and break your instance in every way you want; just restart one anew if you need to. Don't forget that Amazon will charge acccordingly :)
473:
474: Remember, you can query information regarding your AWS account through [[!template id=pkg category=misc name=ec2-api-tools]] package. It is quite easy to use these tools for scripting; for a more elaborate, graphical interface, use the [Amazon Management Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/home).
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